Volume 9, Issue 3 (Summer 2020)                   Arch Hyg Sci 2020, 9(3): 224-233 | Back to browse issues page


XML Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Yousefi A, Hojati Bonab Z. Investigation of Physicochemical and Microbial Parameters of Drinking Water Supply Sources in Villages of Saqqez, Iran. Arch Hyg Sci 2020; 9 (3) :224-233
URL: http://jhygiene.muq.ac.ir/article-1-451-en.html
1- MSc Student, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bonab Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
2- Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bonab Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
Abstract:   (2315 Views)
Background & Aims of the Study: Providing safe drinking water is one of the most important goals in human societies. It is clear that people's health depends on the provision of favorable drinking water. This study examined the physicochemical and microbial parameters of drinking water resources in the villages of Saqqez, Iran, within 3 months in 2018.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 24 sources of drinking water supply (i.e., wells and springs) in the villages covered by rural water and sewage in Saqqez within 3 months in 2018. The cultivation of the samples was performed by the most probable number (MPN) technique to evaluate the number of total coliforms and fecal coliforms. Chemical experiments were conducted based on titration, and physical experiments were performed through analytical methods. Finally, SPSS statistical software (version 20) was used for the statistical analysis of the results.
Results: The obtained results of the present study showed that the parameters of turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS) were within the range of the national and international standards. In addition, the total hardness parameter in 100% of the samples was within the range of national standards; however, it was within the standard range of the World Health Organization in 87.5% of the samples. The levels of total coliforms and fecal coliforms were reported within the range of the national and international standards in 66.67% and 85.82% of the samples, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the parameters, including turbidity, EC, chlorine, pH, and TDS, were in accordance with the national and international standards. Moreover, the levels of total and fecal coliforms were within the range of the national and international standards in 66.67% and 85.82% of the samples, respectively. The maximum values of total coliforms and fecal coliforms were within the range of 6-9 MPN per 100 mL, respectively. These low values can be eliminated with simple chlorination.
Full-Text [PDF 639 kb]   (641 Downloads) |   |   Full-Text (HTML)  (650 Views)  
Type of Study: Original Article | Subject: Environmental Health
Received: 2020/06/5 | Accepted: 2020/08/19 | Published: 2020/07/18

References
1. 1. Ahmad JI, Liu G, van der Wielen PW, Medema G, van der Hoek JP. Effects of cold recovery technology on the microbial drinking water quality in unchlorinated distribution systems. Environmental Research. 2020 Apr 1;183:109175. [DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109175]
2. Delpla I, Proulx F, Rodríguez MJ. A methodology to prioritize spatio-temporal monitoring of drinking water quality considering population vulnerability. Journal of environmental management. 2020 Feb 1;255:109869. [DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109869]
3. Koelmans AA, Nor NH, Hermsen E, Kooi M, Mintenig SM, De France J. Microplastics in freshwaters and drinking water: critical review and assessment of data quality. Water research. 2019 May 15;155:410-22. [DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.054]
4. Koelmans AA, Nor NH, Hermsen E, Kooi M, Mintenig SM, De France J. Microplastics in freshwaters and drinking water: critical review and assessment of data quality. Water research. 2019 May 15;155:410-22. [DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.054]
5. Pirsaheb, M.; Dargahi, A.; Golestanifar, H., Determination of arsenic in agricultural products, animal products and drinking water of rural areas of Bijar and Gharve, Kurdestan Province. Journal of food hygine. 2013; 2(4): 33-42.
6. Shams Khorramabadi G, Dargahi A, Godini H, Mostafaee P. Survey of heavy metal pollution (copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, iron and manganese) in drinking water resources of Nurabad city, Lorestan, Iran 2013. yafte. 2016;18(2).
7. Shabankareh fard E, Hayati R, Dobaradaran S. Evaluation of physical, chemical and microbial quality of distribution network drinkingwater in Bushehr, Iran. Iran South Med J. 2015; 17 (6) :1223-1235
8. Almasi A. Hashemian AH, Amirpour E.; Dargahi A, Mahmoudi M. An Estimation of Water Consumption, Wastewater Generation and its Biodegradability per Capita, Based on Social Income and Meteorological Temperature in Kermanshah. Iranian journal of health and environment. 2010;3(1):110-130.
9. Dargahi A, Azizi A, Karami A, Amirian F, Mohammadi M, Almasi A. Evaluating the chemical and microbial quality of drinking water in harsin city. International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2016;8(3):16709-19.
10. Zhang X, He Y, Zhang B, Qin L, Yang Q, Huang H. Factors affecting microbiological quality of household drinking water supplied by small-scale ultrafiltration systems: A field study. Science of The Total Environment. 2019 Nov 1;689:725-33. [DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.327]
11. Ashbolt NJ. Microbial contamination of drinking water and human health from community water systems. Current environmental health reports. 2015 Mar 1;2(1):95-106. [DOI:10.1007/s40572-014-0037-5]
12. Broekman S, Pohlmann O, Beardwood ES, de Meulenaer EC. Ultrasonic treatment for microbiological control of water systems. Ultrasonics sonochemistry. 2010 Aug 1;17(6):1041-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2009.11.011]
13. Eslami H, Almodaresi SA, Khosravi R, Fallahzadeh RA, Peirovi R, Taghavi M. Assessment of groundwater quality in Yazd-Ardakan plain for agricultural purposes using Geographic Information System (GIS). Journal of Health. 2018 Jan 10;8(5):575-86.
14. Mujahid TY, Siddiqui K, Ahmed RZ, Subhan SA, Ali ST, Wahab A. Bacteriological Quality Analysis of Tap Water of Karachi, Pakistan. International Journal. 2015;3(2):573-8.
15. Pirsaheb M, Zinatizadeh AK, Dargahi A. Performance evaluation of coagulation process in removal of low turbidity and color from water using different inorganic coagulants. Journal water and wastewater. 2012; 23(81): 111-8.
16. Marshall, R. T., Standard methods for the examination of dairy products. 1992.
17. Classer LS, Greenberg AE, Eaton AD. Standard method for the examination of water and wastewater. 21st ed. Washington DC: the American Water Works Association 2005; 589-691
18. World Health Organization. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality: Recommendations. WHO, Geneva 2004;1(3).
19. Fujioka RS, Solo-Gabriele HM, Byappanahalli MN, Kirs M. US recreational water quality criteria: a vision for the future. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2015 Jul;12(7):7752-76. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph120707752]
20. Atefeh, M.; Taghavi, L.; Khani, M. R.; Bayati, A.; Sayadi, M., Investigation of the quality of drinking water wells in Lavasan-e Kouchak district. 2016.
21. Hosseinzadeh E; Fazeli S; Moradizadeh H; B, K., Microbial Status of Rural Drinking Waters of Romshegan village. Two Huzan Monthly 2017, 2, (1), 14-23.
22. Ahmadi Angali K, Salimi J, Ghaffarizadeh F, Barjasteh Askari F, Maroofi N, Chinsari J. Assessment of Chemical quality of Drinking Water Supplies in Rural area of Neyshabour City in 2014. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences. 2015 Jan 10;2(4):58-3.
23. Masindi V. Dataset on physicochemical and microbial properties of raw water in four drinking water treatment plants based in South Africa. Data in Brief. 2020 Jun 9:105822. [DOI:10.1016/j.dib.2020.105822]
24. Yousefi A, Hojjati Bonab Z. The microbial and physicochemical quality of the storage tanks and distribution networks of drinking water in the villages of Saqqez in Kurdistan province, Iran (2018). Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research. 2020 Feb 1;8(1):73-84.
25. Mohammadi A, Amouei A, Tabarinia H, Faraji H. Investigating the physicochemical analysis of potable ground water resources in rural area of Babol city. J Neyshabur Univ Med Sci. 2015 Aug 10;3(2):61-9.
26. Gopalakrishnan S, Gowda CL, Reddy MP, Rao GR, Humayun P, Srinivas V, Srinivas C, Rupela O. Ensuring biological safety of drinking water at international crops research institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2012;11(67):13115-8. [DOI:10.5897/AJB12.1227]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2025 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Archives of Hygiene Sciences

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb